{"id":182898,"date":"2017-03-01T12:12:50","date_gmt":"2017-03-01T12:12:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/article\/azerbaijan-grapples-with-the-rise-of-turkish-language\/"},"modified":"2021-10-29T13:52:55","modified_gmt":"2021-10-29T09:52:55","slug":"azerbaijan-grapples-with-the-rise-of-turkish-language","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/en\/article\/azerbaijan-grapples-with-the-rise-of-turkish-language\/","title":{"rendered":"Azerbaijan Grapples with the Rise of Turkish Language"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n This article was originally published on
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\n Eurasianet.org
\n <\/a>\n<\/p>\n

\n ***\n<\/p>\n

\n Five-year-old Mehdi Rahimi watches his favorite cartoons on TRT \u00c7ocuk, a Turkish channel for children that his family gets on satellite TV in their home in Fatmayi, a village just outside of Baku.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u201cThere aren\u2019t many interesting things on Azerbaijani TV, plus there is no special cartoon network,\u201d said his mother, Zhale Rahimi, by way of explanation. \u201cWhile I\u2019m busy with my work, I turn on the TV and leave him there.\u201d\n<\/p>\n

\n Mehdi\u2019s viewing habits have had an effect on how he speaks: he uses Turkish more than Azerbaijani, his mother says, for example favoring the Turkish salatal\u0131k over the Azerbaijani xiyar (cucumber) or using the Turkish word uzay instead of the Azerbaijani kosmos (space).\n<\/p>\n

\n Rahimi says she is not worried: for one, most of the children in their neighborhood and family are in the same situation, so they all communicate easily with each other. Secondly, her older son had also picked up Turkish from watching cartoons, but largely switched back to his native tongue after starting school, where instruction is in Azerbaijani. \u201cNow he speaks in Azerbaijani almost without any mistakes,\u201d Rahimi said.\n<\/p>\n

\n After the collapse of the Soviet Union, all of the successor states moved to strengthen their indigenous languages, which had been overshadowed to varying degrees by the dominance of Russian during the Soviet era.\n<\/p>\n

\n But Azerbaijan, having forged strong economic and cultural ties with Turkey in the years since gaining independence, faces a unique challenge. Its language is so similar to that of its powerful neighbor and ally that it risks if not the loss of Azerbaijani altogether, at least an erosion of the language\u2019s distinctive qualities.\n<\/p>\n

\n Azerbaijani children are picking up the habit of Turkish early. \u201cIn second-grade, third-grade classes, some pupils, for example, don\u2019t know the names of colors in Azerbaijani,\u201d said Ruhiyya Movsumova, a teacher in Fatmayi. \u201cI see them saying orange, pink, black, white in Turkish,\u201d she said. That is, turuncu, pembe, siyah, and beyaz, rather than nar\u0131nc\u0131, \u00e7\u0259hray\u0131, qara and a\u011f.\n<\/p>\n

\n The rise of Turkish is seen not only among cartoon-watching-age children. Bookstores offer volumes translated into Turkish rather than Azerbaijani. And often translations into Azerbaijani are done from Turkish rather than from the original. Meanwhile, many Turkish restaurants do not bother translating their menus into Azerbaijani.\n<\/p>\n

\n \u201cTurkish has already started to take over the national and natural dialects of Azerbaijan,\u201d Agalar Mammadov, a leading public intellectual, wrote in a recent blog post for Radio Free Europe\/Radio Liberty. \u201cIf the government of Azerbaijan doesn\u2019t intervene strongly, we will lose our language.\u201d\n<\/p>\n

\n To a certain extent, the discussion about the Azerbaijani language vis-a-vis Turkish is picking up these days where it left off before the Bolsheviks seized power in 1917 and imposed a communist system on the Caucasus. Early 20th century Azerbaijani intellectuals argued over the merits of one or the other: the pan-Turkist magazine Fuyuzat, founded in Baku in 1906, used and advocated for the Istanbul variant of Turkish, while the pioneering satirical journal Molla Nasreddin mocked advocates of Turkish while trying to support Azerbaijani and codifying it into a proper literary language.\n<\/p>\n

\n In the Soviet era, Azerbaijan\u2019s ties with Turkey were limited and the Azerbaijani language was more influenced by Russian: Azerbaijanis adopted the Cyrillic alphabet in 1939 and kept it until gaining independence in 1991.\n<\/p>\n

\n Post-independence, the Azerbaijani government has cultivated close political and economic ties with Ankara, under the motto \u201cOne Nation, Two States.\u201d But it has been more ambivalent about Turkish cultural influence, including the Turkish language.\n<\/p>\n

\n In 2007, when Azerbaijan\u2019s broadcasting regulator decided to forbid foreign-language films from being aired unless they were dubbed into Azerbaijani, it made an exception for Turkish on the grounds that it was so similar to Azerbaijani. But it eventually reversed that decision, and in 2012 required Turkish-language films to be dubbed, too. Yet, the government at the same time funds the Ataturk Center in Baku, which promotes Turkish culture and language.\n<\/p>\n

\n Nizami Jafarov, the director of the center, as well as an MP and chair of the Department of Linguistics at Baku State University, said parents should not be worried about the influence of Turkish-language television on their children. \u201cIt is the same language, there is no dominance of Turkish onto Azerbaijani,\u201d he told EurasiaNet. He suggested that Turkish and Azerbaijani were part of a single spectrum. \u201cCan we say that the Baku dialect is keeping down the Qazax dialect?\u201d Jafarov asked, referring to a district in western Azerbaijan.\n<\/p>\n

\n The opposition newspaper Yeni Musavat frequently uses Turkish words, for example favoring the Turkish ila\u00e7 over the Azerbaijani d\u0259rman (medicine) and the Turkish ilgin\u00e7 over the Azerbaijani maraqli (interesting).\n<\/p>\n

\n This is a political choice, the newspaper\u2019s editor Rauf Arifoglu says. \u201cThere are over 200 million Turkic people spread over the world and they need a common Turkic language for communication,\u201d he told EurasiaNet. \u201cThere is no [Turkic] state as great and powerful as Turkey, and its strong television networks broadcast all over the world to Turkic communities. This is a useful, effective base for integrating Turkic people.\u201d\n<\/p>\n

\n Ali Novruzov, a blogger and translator who has written a novel in Azerbaijani, contends that Turkish and Azerbaijani are distinct languages. \u201cTurkish and Azerbaijani languages have gone through completely different paths of development at least for the last hundred years. Without sentimentality, we have to admit that there are two different languages \u2013 each with its own grammar and vocabulary,\u201d Novruzov said.\n<\/p>\n

\n Turkish need not be either actively rejected or encouraged, Novruzov said. \u201cA puritanical attitude towards Azerbaijani is not acceptable,\u201d he said. \u201cLanguage shouldn\u2019t be used as a political instrument; it\u2019s a live creature, formed by speaking and writing. It\u2019s inappropriate to spoil and clean a language artificially, especially an established language like Azerbaijani.\u201d\n<\/p>\n

\n Others note that Turkish is still far less prevalent in Azerbaijan than Russian. Movsumova, the teacher, said that she does not allow her own children to watch Turkish cartoons, not just for language reasons but because she believes Soviet cartoons are more educational and inculcate values like friendship and kindness to others.\n<\/p>\n

\n Language differences can create amusing moments. Movsumova\u2019s children, for instance, understand the Russian meaning of the word \u201cbardak\u201d \u2013 an expressive term for a huge mess. \u201cWhen they heard that \u2018bardak\u2019 means \u2018cup\u2019 in Turkish, they laughed a lot,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A dearth of print and video material in Azerbaijani may threaten its livelihood and popularity amongst the younger generation of Azerbaijan in favor of more culturally-productive Turkish.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":80236,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-182898","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","infinite-scroll-item","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-33","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAzerbaijan Grapples with the Rise of Turkish Language - MEYDAN.TV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meydan.tv\/en\/article\/azerbaijan-grapples-with-the-rise-of-turkish-language\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Azerbaijan Grapples with the Rise of Turkish Language - 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